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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 78(5), 2008, pp. 784-790
Copyright © 2008 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Evaluation of Mosquito Densoviruses for Controlling Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae): Variation in Efficiency due to Virus Strain and Geographic Origin of Mosquitoes

Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Jonathan O. Carlson, AND Pattamaporn Kittayapong*
Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University at Salaya, Nakhonpathom, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

Four mosquito densovirus strains were assayed for mortality and infectivity against Aedes aegypti larvae from different geographic regions. The viral titers were quantified by real-time PCR using TaqMan technology. Firstinstar larvae were exposed to the same titer of each densovirus strain for 48 hours. All strains of densoviruses exhibited larvicidal activity and caused more than 80% mortality and infectivity in the three mosquito strains. AalDNV-exposed larvae had the highest mortality rate. The mean time to death of AalDNV-exposed larvae was shorter than other DNVs-exposed larvae. We can conclude that different densovirus strains exhibit some variations in their pathogenicity to different populations of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. A few mosquitoes from Chachoengsao and Bangkok exposed to AeDNV and AThDNV survived to the adult stage to lay eggs and showed 22% to 50% vertical transmission in the F1 generation. Phylogenetic analysis of four densovirus strains indicated that mosquito densoviruses are separated into two distinct clades.

Received May 19, 2007. Accepted for publication December 30, 2007.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Ronald E. Morales-Vargas, Rabuesak Khumthong, John R. Milne, and Timothy W. Flegel for their useful comments.

Financial support: This work was supported by the Grant R01-AI 47139 from the National Institutes of Health, USA (Subaward Number G-4549-1 from the Colorado State University), the Thailand Research Fund (RGJ/PHD/0026/2546 and RDG4530034), and the Mahidol University Research Grant (SCBI-47-T-217).

* Address correspondence to Pattamaporn Kittayapong, Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University at Salaya, Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand. E-mail: grpkt{at}mahidol.ac.th

Authors’ addresses: Supanee Hirunkanokpun and Pattamaporn Kittayapong, Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University at Salaya, Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand, Tel: +66-2-201-5922, Fax: +66-2-201-5923, E-mail: grpkt{at}mahidol.ac.th. Jonathan O. Carlson, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, Tel: 970-491-7840, Fax: 970-491-1815, E-mail: jonathan.carlson{at}colostate.edu

Reprint requests: Pattamaporn Kittayapong, Center of Excellence for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University at Salaya, Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand, Tel: +662-201-5922, Fax: +662-201-5923, E-mail: grpkt{at}mahidol.ac.th






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.