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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 77(6), 2007, pp. 1039-1042
Copyright © 2007 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


Prevalence and Chloroquine Sensitivity of Plasmodium malariae in Madagascar

Céline Barnadas, Arsène Ratsimbasoa, Hanitra Ranaivosoa, Didier Ralaizandry, Diamondra Raveloariseheno, Vony Rabekotonorina, Stephane Picot, AND Didier Ménard*
Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Epidemiology Unit, and Malaria Unit Research, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar

 

ABSTRACT

We report the results of clinical studies carried out at six sites in Madagascar, between January and October 2006. The aims were (i) to update our knowledge of the burden of Plasmodium malariae infection and (ii) to assess the therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine for uncomplicated quartan malaria. Our findings confirm that P. malariae is the third leading cause of malaria, accounting for 1.1% of all malarial infections. They also demonstrate that chloroquine—currently recommended for the home management of presumed malaria in children under the age of five years and commonly used by adults—remains highly effective in patients with uncomplicated P. malariae infection.

Received April 30, 2007. Accepted for publication July 2, 2007.

Acknowledgments: We thank the patients and healthcare workers involved in the national network for the surveillance of malaria resistance in Madagascar (Réseau d’Etude de la Résistance, RER) from which these samples were derived, and the staff of the Ministry of Health of Madagascar for their collaboration.

Financial support: This work was supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, FSP/RAI 2001-168 project. The collection of samples was supported by funding from the Global Fund project for Madagascar round 3 (Community Action to Roll Back Malaria, Grant number: MDG-304-G05-M).

Disclosure: C. Barnadas is a graduate PhD student supported by the Fondation Jeunesse Internationale (Fondation de France), bioMérieux "Prix bioMérieux infectiologie 2006" and Association des Internes et Anciens Internes en Pharmacie des Hôpitaux de Lyon "Prix R. Rizard."

* Address correspondence to Didier Ménard, Malaria Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274-Antananarivo 101. E-mail: dmenard{at}pasteur.mg

Authors’ addresses: Céline Barnadas and Stephen Picot, Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France. Arsène Ratsimbasoa, Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar. Hanitra Ranaivosoa, Didier Ralaizandry, Diamondra Raveloariseheno, Vony Rabekotonorina, and Didier Ménard, Malaria Unit Research, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Reprint requests: Didier Ménard, Malaria Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274-Antananarivo 101. E-mail: dmenard{at}pasteur.mg






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Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.