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FEAR OF INJECTIONS IN YOUNG ADULTS: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATIONS

Fear of injections may interfere with receipt of vaccines. The frequency, associations, and precipitators of fear-provoking factors of 400 travelers visiting a travel health clinic were evaluated. The median age of this group was 25, 7% were medical staff members, and 2.8% were regular injectors (insulin). Eighty-five (21.7%; 95% confidence interval, 17.3–25.6%) of the travelers indicated that they were afraid of injections, and in 8.2%, the fear was unreasonably intense. Multivariate analysis revealed that watching other people being vaccinated, fear of pain, needle size, and a history of fainting were highly and independently associated with injection phobia. The sensitivity, specificity, and discrimination accuracy of this model were 79.5%, 78.0%, and 78.3%, respectively. Injection phobia and a bad past vaccination experience were significantly associated with fainting. Perceived empathy, on the other hand, was a significant protective factor. Fear of injections was common in this cohort and was highly associated with past fainting after vaccination.

Received March 14, 2002. Accepted for publication July 22, 2002.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the staff and participating travelers at the travel clinic of the Bnai Zion Medical Center, and Ms. R. Singer for critical review of the manuscript.

Authors’ addresses: Yael Nir, Alona Paz, and Israel Potasman, Infectious Diseases and Travel Clinic, Bnai Zion Medical Center, P.O. Box 4940, 31048 Haifa, Israel. Edmond Sabo, Department of Pathology, Carmel Medical Center, 7 Michal Street, 34362 Haifa, Israel.

Reprint requests: Israel Potasman, MD, Infectious Diseases and Travel Clinic, Bnai Zion Medical Center, P.O. Box 4940, 31048 Haifa, Israel, Telephone: +972-4-835-9624, Fax: +972-4-835-9755, E-mail: ipotasma{at}netvision.net.il

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