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Forty-four Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Bangladesh and 22 from western Thailand were successfully tested for their drug susceptibility. High degrees of resistance were observed against chloroquine with geometric mean IC50s of 114.25 120.5 nM, respectively, for Bangladesh and western Thailand. Most isolates from both sites were sensitive to quinine, and all were sensitive to artesunate. Many isolates were considered in vitro resistant to mefloquine, but the geometric mean IC50 for the Thai isolates (98.79 nM) was 1.6 times (P = 0.002) higher than that of isolates from Bangladesh (60.3 nM). The high prevalence of in vitro mefloquine resistance in Bangladesh suggests that close surveillance is necessary to delay widespread multidrug resistant problems in the area.
Received November 15, 2001. Accepted for publication July 15, 2002.
Acknowledgments: We are grateful to the staff of the Ramu Health Complex in the Cox’s Bazar district, Chittagong Medical College, and Maesod Malaria Clinic for specimen collection, to the Malaria Field Team of the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences for technical assistance, and to Dr. J. Sirichaisinthop for his support.
Financial support: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD.
Authors’ addresses: H. Noedl, Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095, Vienna, Austria. MA Faiz, EB Yunus, MR Rahman, MA Hossain, MA Samad, Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh. RS Miller, LW Pang, C Wongsrichanalai, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Reprint requests: Dr. Chansuda Wongsrichanalai, USAMC-AFRIMS, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Telephone: 66-(0)2-644-5775, Fax: 66-(0)2-644-4784, E-mail: chansuda{at}bangkok.th.com
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